Skip links

US EPR Compliance for Packaging

State Deadlines, Fees & How to Reduce Them

Eliminate multi-state EPR fee with an end-to-end audit and structural redesign strategy. In partnership with rePurpose Global, Zenpack combines automated regulatory forecasting with precision packaging engineering. We audit your SKU material footprints, pinpoint high-tier eco-fees, and engineer compliant, high-performance packaging.

Last updated: 09.2026, reviewed quarterly with rePurpose Global

Eco-friendly Cambio coffee packaging redesign engineered by Zenpack for US EPR compliance.
Speak with an Expert See State Fees
Eco-friendly Cambio coffee packaging redesign engineered by Zenpack for US EPR compliance.
Close-up of eco-friendly brown paperboard packaging with a 100% Plastic-Free label and recycling symbol.

What is EPR and why does it matter right now?

Close-up of eco-friendly brown paperboard packaging with a 100% Plastic-Free label and recycling symbol.

Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) law requires consumer brands to pay for the end-of-life collection and processing of their packaging. Instead of flat registration fees, state programs assess fees based on material type, weight, and recyclability.

For any brand selling into these states, EPR is no longer a future compliance issue; it’s an active cost line that gets more expensive the harder your packaging is to recycle.

What are the state-by-state EPR laws, deadlines, and fees?

Request a Call

EPR Fees by State & Material ($/ton)

Material California Oregon Colorado
Recyclable plastic (PET, HDPE, PP) $100–$240 $60–$160 $80–$200
Non-recyclable plastic (multi-layer, PS, PVC) $440–$2,960 $300–$600 $340–$700
Corrugated $40–$120 $100 $120
Paperboard $20–$160 $160–$1,020 $160–$600
Glass $20–$100 $20–$60 $20–$80
Aluminum / Steel $20–$120 $20–$80 $20–$100
Note: CA rates are CAA illustrative estimates (final eco-mod factors due Oct 2026); OR & CO are published, live rates.
State Bill No. Fees Begin 2032 Target
California Jan 2027 100% recyclable/compostable, 25% plastic reduction
Oregon Jul 2025 (live) 70% plastic recycling rate by 2050
Colorado Jan 2026 (live) —
Maryland 2028–2029 —
Minnesota ~Jan 2029 100% refillable/reusable/recyclable/compostable
Washington ~Jan 2030 —
Maine ~Sept 2026 —
Applies EU-wide from Aug 12, 2026.
By 2028
Design-for-recycling rules
2028–29
Harmonized labeling
From Jan 2030
Recyclability & recycled-content mandates
By 2035
At scale recycling
By 2038
Grades A/B only
Unlike US EPR (a cost signal), PPWR is a design-eligibility gate — non-compliant formats can't be sold past certain dates.

Compliance Calendar

Read the Full Guide
2026

CO fees live
CA early invoicing (Aug)
ME stewardship org selection (Sept)
CA eco-mod factors published (Oct)

2027

CA fees begin

2028-2029

MD, WA fee schedules set; MN fees begin (~Jan 2029)

2030

WA full program live

2032

CA & MN full compliance targets due

How to redesign packaging to lower your EPR fees?

Redesigning packaging to use recyclable, mono-material formats is the most direct way to reduce ongoing EPR liability, and it typically reduces freight and fulfillment costs too.

Which material swaps lower your EPR fee tier?

Explore Sustainable Packaging Solutions
Swap From tier To tier Impact
Multi-layer laminate pouch → mono-PE pouch Non-recyclable plastic Recyclable plastic Largest fee-tier drop available for flexible packaging
EPS foam insert → molded fiber/pulp insert Non-recyclable plastic Paper/fiber Moves into one of the lowest fee tiers overall
Thermoformed plastic tray → FSC®-certified paperboard tray Non-recyclable plastic Paperboard Substantial reduction; may also qualify for a PCR eco-modulation credit
Multi-material composite mailer → mono-material corrugated Non-recyclable plastic Corrugated Largest fee-tier drop available for shipping mailers

Does a redesign save money beyond the EPR fee itself?

Yes. Material swaps that lower EPR fees also tend to reduce freight and fulfillment costs, since recyclable formats are usually lighter and more compressible than foam or multi-layer plastic.

Request a Redesign Audit
Flaviar liquor advent calendar packaging redesigned with recyclable corrugated inserts by Zenpack.

Flaviar switched from foam inserts to flat-folded corrugated and cut shipping costs by up to 60%, in addition to moving into a lower EPR fee tier.

Refillable cosmetic packaging with durable shell and replaceable core engineered by Zenpack for Boomii.

Boomii paired a durable outer shell with a replaceable refill core, reducing the packaging material volume that EPR fees are calculated on with every reorder.

How do Zenpack and rePurpose work together on EPR compliance?

Zenpack and rePurpose Global run a joint offering that closes the gap between compliance data and packaging execution.

  • rePurpose provides regulatory tracking, fee forecasting, and compliance modeling. Zenpack provides structural design and manufacturing.

Together, the two halves cover a brand’s full path from raw SKU data to a redesigned, compliant product on shelf.

What organizational problems cause EPR compliance to fail?

Three bottlenecks show up most often in brands new to EPR:

  • Incomplete Material Data icon

    Incomplete Material Data

    Tracking material types and exact weights across hundreds of SKUs by hand is slow and error-prone.

  • Shifting state deadlines icon

    Shifting state deadlines

    Registration, reporting, and fee deadlines differ by state and change as programs mature, making a single internal tracker hard to maintain.

  • Unpredictable Cost icon

    Unpredictable Cost

    Without a forecasting model, brands don't know their fee exposure until the invoice arrives, which makes redesign decisions reactive instead of planned.

What does the process look like?

Request a Call
Multi-layer material audit icon with rePurpose logo for Zenpack EPR packaging compliance audit.

Material & Compliance Audit (1–2 weeks)

rePurpose calculates exact fe exposure and EPR obligations across every state a brand sells into, using actual SKU-level material and weight data.

CAD-driven packaging dieline and 3D structural engineering design diagram by Zenpack.

Zenpack redesigns packaging geometry around existing SKUs using CAD-driven modeling, targeting lower-fee-tier materials without sacrificing product protection.

Packaging sample prototyping and drop test validation diagram for Zenpack packaging redesign.

Physical samples are built and drop-tested to validate the redesign before committing to tooling.

Integrated mass production and global supply chain network diagram for Zenpack packaging fulfillment.

The same team carries the redesign through production and fulfillment, with no handoff between compliance, design, and manufacturing vendors.

FAQ

Fees are based on the weight and material type of packaging a brand sells into a state, using an eco-modulation model: harder-to-recycle materials (multi-layer plastics, foam, PVC) sit in higher fee tiers, while recyclable materials like corrugated, paper, and mono-material plastics sit in lower tiers.

Redesigning packaging into a lower fee tier, replacing multi-layer plastic, foam, or thermoformed trays with mono-material or paper-based formats, has the most direct impact on fee exposure, since fees scale with both weight and material recyclability.

rePurpose Global provides regulatory tracking, fee forecasting, and compliance modeling. Zenpack provides structural redesign and manufacturing. The two run as one process, a brand’s compliance data feeds directly into the packaging redesign rather than passing between separate vendors.

Get a fee calculation and redesign plan for your SKUs.

Speak with an Expert